alternation meaning: 1. a situation in which one thing repeatedly happens or exists after another: 2. a situation in…. Introduction ON THE DESCRIPTION OF CONSONANT ... arisen from a set of processes which were in all probability conditioned by purely phonological factors. With sociolinguistic variation, speakers can choose between elements in the same linguistic context and, hence the alternation is probabilistic. With sociolinguistic variation, speakers can choose between elements in the same linguistic context and, hence the alternation is probabilistic. Paquot, Magali [UCL] (eng) Szmrecsanyi et al. We sketch a project that marries probabilistic grammar research to scholarship on World Englishes, thus synthesizing two previously rather disjoint lines of research into one unifying project with a coherent focus. English. Book DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110198621. But the massive growth of language technologies has made the spontaneous use of language in natural settings a alternation. References Other areas of interest include: the interaction of syntactic, semantic and other cognitive factors in stylistic variation across registers and … The probability of two words being encoded within the same window can be affected by upstream factors like syntactic/ semantic complexity, lexical frequency or other processing considerations. “Exploring probabilistic grammar(s) in varieties of English around the world”, which is situated at the crossroads of research on English as a World Language, usage-based theoretical linguistics, variationist linguistics, and cognitive sociolin-guistics. In this section we will give an overview of different approaches which have been employed to account for the dative alternation in English as an L1 and English as a Second Language. With linguistic variation, the alternation between elements is categorically constrained by the linguistic context in which they occur. the probability Sentence (1b) in Example 1 shows a grammatical contraction of want to in Sentence (1a). Furthermore, the probability of one form being chosen over another is also affected in a probabilistic way by a range of … I joined the Department of English Language and Linguistics in June 2017. pdf. of analysis. Is syntactic knowledge probabilistic? ), Probabilistic Linguistics, MIT Press, 2003. ... marginalization over parameter values. Syntactic variation, dative alternation genitive alternation particle placement probabilistic indigenization, syntactic variation is constrained probabilistically and speakers of diverse regional backgrounds reinterpret / indigenize the effects of these constraints and World Englishes large-scale comparative perspective 3 Probabilistic constraints on linguistic choice-making: the dative alternation in varieties of English Online ISBN: 9783110198621 Previous work by Bresnan and colleagues adopted a statistical modeling approach to investigate the probabilistic trends in English dative alternation. Benedikt Szmrecsanyi (°1976) is associate professor of linguistics at KU Leuven. It specifically marries the spirit of the probabilistic … 75–96). https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110198621.75. Introduction to tregex/tgrep2 and R. HW #1 . As to probabilistic variation in the genitive alternation across speech communities, Hinrichs and Szmrecsanyi (2007) show that in written-edited-published standard English, non-animate possessors discourage s-genitive usage less strongly in AmE than in BrE, and that long possessums favor s-genitive usage in AmE but not in BrE. Keywords: syntax, probabilistic grammar, variationist linguistics, dative alternation, genitive alternation… Probabilistic constraints on linguistic choice-making: the dative alternation in varieties of English Submitted for Paper Presentation The present study explores variability in the hidden probabilistic constraints that fuel the variation between the double object (I give him a book) and prepositional dative construction (I Researchers in language variation seek to understand how linguistic, social, and individual factors influence speakers’ choices within sets of related variable forms as in, for example, the alternation between working and workin’ in English. Shifting usage frequencies in language internal variation can thereby lead to a gradient localized accultura-tion of probabilistic constraints (such as end-weight) in the grammar of speakers from different communities, an effect that has been termed probabilistic indi- But the massive growth of computer-readable texts and recordings, the availability of cheaper, more powerful computers and soft-ware, and the development of new probabilistic models for language have now made In the context of language, generative models aim to learn the probability distribution from which the observed linguistic input was generated. (to appear) explored three syntactic alternations (the particle placement, genitive and dative alternations) in four varieties of English (British, Canadian, Indian and Singapore English) as represented in the International Corpus of English and reported that the varieties studied share a core probabilistic grammar, i.e. 2016). to state, for example, rules of verb diathesis alternation, but which does not allow arbitrary manipulation of list-valued features. (2) illustrates the structures at issue again, with the pertinent terminology. Theoretical linguists have traditionally relied on linguistic intuitions such as gram-maticality judgments for their data. Barbara McGillivray is a computational linguist. Introduction. ). Probabilistic and Multivariate Modelling in Latin Grammar: the Participle-Auxiliary Alternation as a Case Study A thesis submitted to The University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities 2014 James W. R. Brookes School of Arts, Languages and Cultures Experiments with the English dative alternation. My golden opportunity was the English dative alternation. A fresh look at grammatical alternations (01/01/2021 - 31/12/2024); A probabilistic grammar analysis of the dative alternation in Mandarin, and of its sensitivity to lectal factors (17/09/2019 - 17/09/2023); Particle placement and genitive alternations in EFL learner spoken syntax: core prababilistic grammar and/or L1-specific preferences? Finally, I present a three-stage probabilistic model of … English World-Wide, 35(1):7{31. In principle, it is the analyst's decision which alternation(s) to include in the analysis; VADIS does not impose any restrictions, as long as linguistic choice-making can be modeled as a function of clearly defined language-internal and and/or language-external probabilistic constraints. Research projects Promotor. Probabilistic models of corpus data can be used both to predict higher-level grammatical choices and to quantify changes in such choices across different speaker groups … Dr. Richard Nordquist is professor emeritus of rhetoric and English at Georgia Southern University and the author of several university-level grammar and composition textbooks. The term linguistic variation (or simply variation) refers to regional, social, or contextual differences in the ways that a particular language is used. On the dative alternation, probabilistic grammar, and variationist linguistics: The results of a bottom-up investigation Daria Bębeniec On the dative alternation, probabilistic grammar, and variationist linguistics: The results of a bottom-up investigation Outline (I) Bresnan, Joan, Anna Cueni, Tatiana Nikitina and R. Harald Baayen, 2007. Roots: Linguistics in Search of its Evidential Base (pp. Probability for linguists. Thus, there is a restriction on the allowable contractions of want to.Similarly, give can occur both in the prepositional construction, as shown in (2a), as well as the direct construction, as shown in (2b). Most recently I have been investigating grammatical alternations in World Englishes, e.g. Often probabilistic, “optional,” less consistent than word-internal Probabilistic models have thoroughly reshaped computational linguistics and continues to profoundly change other areas in the scientific study of language, ranging from psycholinguistics to syntax and phonology and even pragmatics and sociolinguistics. on the probability of a speaker choosing an alternant; an alternant that violates a categorical constraint has no probability of being uttered except as a speech error. e.g. The Dative Alternation in 20th century Newspaper Language (Work in Progress) ... Probabilistic constraints on linguistic choice-making: the dative alternation in varieties of English. (eng) Szmrecsanyi et al. However, most of the research in this arena centres on the grammar of English, and, as yet, there is no statistical modelling on the grammar of Latin, studies of which have to date been largely philological. Before coming to the University of Birmingham, I was a postdoctoral fellow in the Quantitative Lexicology and Variational Linguistics (QLVL) research unit in the Department of Linguistics at the University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium. In: English and Spanish in Interaction. It has been shown that which surface form will be used in a dative sentence is not a completely random choice, rather, it is conditioned by a wide range of linguistic factors. This book presents a novel analysis of the word-order alternation of English transitive phrasal verbs (aka Particle Movement) from a cognitive-functional and psycholinguistic perspective. The position is part of the UCLouvain FSR-funded research project Particle placement and genitive alternations in EFL learner spoken syntax: core probabilistic grammar and/or L1‐specific preferences? How much does meaning matter? Experiments with the English dative alternation Joan Bresnan Theoretical linguistics traditionally relies on linguistic intuitions such as grammaticality judgments for data. 383–418.DOI 10.1515/cllt-2015-0051. For example, prototype theory as a theory of similarity-based and inherently probabilistic linguistic categorization has received support from studies showing that alternating constructions and items often occur with probabilities influenced by prototypical formal, semantic or contextual factors. (2016: 133) call this “probabilistic indigenization”, which they define as the process whereby stochastic patterns of internal linguistic variation are reshaped by shifting usage frequencies in speakers of post-colonial varieties. Hundt and Szmrecsanyi References Arppe, A. The Centre for English Corpus Linguistics has an opening for a PhD fellowship for a total period of four years, starting as of October 2018 (later is also a possibility).. Theoretical linguists have traditionally relied on linguistic intuitions such as gram-maticality judgments for their data. While originally proposed for language modeling—the task of estimating the probability of a sequence of words—these methods require only trivial alteration to estimate co-occurrence probabilities for predicates and arguments, as was noted early on by Grishman and Sterling ( 1993) and Dagan, Lee, and Pereira ( … Is syntactic knowledge probabilistic? probabilistic view of the relationship between linguistic usage and the underlying linguistic system, as well as suggestive of the explanatory limits of linguistic analysis, though they should be corroborated with experimentation (as Bresnan and Gries have done). Second, the dative alternation is not a categorical phenomenon but a gradient (i.e., probabilistic) one, which can be statis-tically modeled using a whole range of predictors (e.g., Bresnan & Nikitina, 2009 ; … Is knowledge of syntax probabilistic? The present study has investigated the extent to which an alternation's degree of probabilistic indigenization is proportional to its lexical specificity in a comparison of three varieties of English using a novel approach that applies comparative sociolinguistic methods to compare probabilistic grammars quantitatively. the choice between syntactic alternations is motivated by probabilistic … This research offers a new interdisciplinary approach to the field of Linguistics by using Computational Linguistics, NLP, Bayesian Statistics and Sociolinguistics methods. To highlight the descriptive and theoretical benefits of the approach, we present case studies of three syntactic alternations (the particle placement, genitive, and dative alternations) in four varieties of English (British, Canadian, Indian, and Singapore), as … This article is part of the Special Collection: Probabilistic grammars: Syntactic variation in a comparative perspective. the particle placement alternation (I picked the book up ~ I picked up the book). References Arppe, A. Particle placement alternation in EFL learner speech vs. native and ESL spoken Englishes: core probabilistic grammar and/or L1-specific preferences? Gradient grammar: An effect of animacy on the syntax of give in New Zealand and American English Joan Bresnan a, * , Jennifer Hay b a Stanford University, Department of Linguistics, Stanford, CA 94305, United States b University of Canterbury, Department of Linguistics, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand Received 3 April 2006; received in revised form 9 May 2006; … An interpretation of such lexical rules within a probabilistic version of a TDFS-based linguistic (lexical and grammatical) theory allows us to capture the Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. Multivariate methods in corpus-based lexicography. In this chapter, we outline an approach that takes knowledge acquisition as an instance of a striking, but general, developmental phenomenon, the emergence of new structure. In recent work Bresnan, Cueni, Nikitina, and Baayen (2005) have shown that a conditional logistic regression model of the English dative alternation predicts 94% of the alternative dative syntax choices made by dia-logue participants during telephone conversations. We report that the varieties studied share a core probabilistic grammar which is, however, subject to indigenization at various degrees of subtlety, depending on the abstractness of the syntactic patterns studied. The dative alternation is a topic of active research in linguistics, not least because it has been studied from different theoretical traditions. Language users are creatures of habit with a tendency to re-use morphosyntactic material that they have produced or heard before. English dative alternation Melanie R othlisberger KU Leuven Quantitative Lexicology and Variational Linguistics Workshop: Probabilistic variation across dialects … dichotomous outcome →Probability of PO outcome can be modeled with Bernoulli The Probabilistic Grammar Framework explores hidden (probabilistic) constraints on grammatical variation! Reading: John Goldsmith. Experiments with the English Dative Alternation." But the massive growth of computer-readable texts and recordings, the availability of cheaper, more powerful computers and soft-ware, and the development of new probabilistic models for language have now made By applying a variationist approach, I examine a synchronic word … Because of this, Probabilistic Grammar is unable to formulate predictions about the linguistic features that will condition previously unstudied morphosyntactic alternations and, perhaps more importantly, with what directionality and why. (to appear). Introduction Linguistics Department, Stanford University, CA, USA *Linguistics Department, The University of Manchester, United Kingdom **Linguistics Department, University of British Columbia, Canada Short title: Modeling children’s dative alternation Marie-Catherine de Marneffe Linguistics Department Stanford University Margaret Jacks Hall, building 460 probabilistic view of the relationship between linguistic usage and the underlying linguistic system, as well as suggestive of the explanatory limits of linguistic analysis, though they should be corroborated with experimentation (as Bresnan and Gries have done). Szmrecsanyi etal. dichotomous outcome →Probability of PO outcome can be modeled with Bernoulli Wedneday, 26 Sep 07. alternation meaning: 1. a situation in which one thing repeatedly happens or exists after another: 2. a situation in…. Experiments with the English dative alternation. We conclude by outlining directions for future research. computational linguistics. "Uncovering the big picture: measuring the typological relatedness of varieties of English". pervasive effects of linguistic probabilities: adult speakers are more likely to produce linguistic elements that are more probable, where probability is driven by a host of context-dependent (e.g., accessibility of a certain label within a referential pact), and context-independent (e.g., word frequency) The model assigns a probability to Moreover, studies of usage as well as intuitive judgments have shown that linguistic intuitions of grammaticality are deeply flawed, because (1) they seriously underestimate the space of grammatical possibility by ignoring the effects of multiple conflicting formal, semantic, and contextual constraints, and (2) they may re-flect probability instead of grammaticality. (free draft version) Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory (CLLT) 15/2. cross-word alternation cannot apply. (2007). The facts of the alternation in Modern ... alternation systems are found (at least vestigially) in most of the Specifically, while earlier research has produced partly diachronic accounts of genitive variability, the diachronic … A central premise in this approach is that the variation observed at all linguistic levels is not random. With sociolinguistic variation, speakers can choose between elements in the same linguistic context and, hence the alternation is probabilistic. Learn more. 2007. Rice, John A. Both of these points are richly exemplified by studies of the English dative alternation (Green 1971; Gries 2003, 2005; Fellbaum 2005; Bresnan and Nikitina 2003; Bresnan, Cueni, Nikitina and Baayen in press; La-pata 1999; Bresnan and Hay 2006; Hay and Bresnan 2006), which is the linguistic Following a probabilistic approach to language variation and building on observations in the literature, we examine the simultaneous effects of semantic and syntactic factors by means of a multivariate statistical analysis. (to appear) explored three syntactic alternations (the particle placement, genitive and dative alternations) in four varieties of English (British, Canadian, Indian and Singapore English) as represented in the International Corpus of English and reported that the varieties studied share a core probabilistic grammar, i.e. He studied English philology, political science, and economics at the University of Freiburg (Germany) and at Georgetown University (Washington D.C.). Her research focuses on the interface between cognitive linguistics and sociolinguistics, that is, the (social) contextualization of variation in speakers' grammatical knowledge. Alternation may refer to: Alternation card game Alternation linguistics a variation in the phonological form of a morpheme Diathesis alternation In linguistics diathesis alternation or verb alternation occurs when the same verb can be used in different subcategorization frames or with different guide to linguistics Linguistics is the scientific study of natural language. In this paper, we are exploring the history of the genitive alternation (of- vs. s-genitive) in Singapore English based on corpus data covering both British English (as the historical input variety) and Singapore English (as the target variety whose diachronic development we are interested in). The dative alternation in South Asian English(es): Modelling predictors and predicting prototypes. Probabilistic and Multivariate Modelling in Latin Grammar: the Participle-Auxiliary Alternation as a Case Study A thesis submitted to The University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities 2014 James W. R. Brookes School of Arts, Languages and Cultures It is argued that the results further substantiate Wolk et al. My research aims to better understand the nature of syntactic variation in the context of natural language use. The Italian indicative/subjunctive alternation: insights from Probabilistic Grammar Research master thesis | Linguistics (research) (MA) In Italian complement clauses, the use of subjunctives can often alternate with the use of indicatives.
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